ARW to PGM Converter

ARW (Alpha RAW) is Sony's proprietary RAW image format used across the Alpha mirrorless and DSLR camera lineup, introduced in 2006 with the Alpha DSLR-A100. Built on a TIFF-like container structure, ARW stores the unprocessed readout from Sony's Exmor and Exmor R/RS CMOS sensors at 12 or 14 bits per pixel, retaining the complete dynamic range and color information before any in-camera processing is applied. The format includes detailed metadata — AF point data, lens distortion profiles, face detection results, and real-time tracking information from newer bodies — enabling RAW processors to replicate or refine the camera's processing decisions after the fact. ARW has evolved through several revisions: ARW 1.0 used simple per-row compression, ARW 2.0 introduced a more efficient delta encoding scheme, and ARW 4.0 added lossless compression support. One advantage is the exceptional latitude for exposure correction: Sony's sensor technology captures 14+ stops of dynamic range in many bodies, and the uncompressed ARW data preserves this range fully, allowing photographers to recover shadow detail or pull back highlights well beyond what JPEG permits. The format's integration with Sony's ecosystem is another practical strength — Creative Styles, Picture Profiles, and in-camera lens corrections are stored as metadata tags rather than baked into the data, giving photographers complete flexibility during post-processing. ARW files are supported by Adobe Lightroom, Capture One, DxO PhotoLab, and Sony's own Imaging Edge software suite.